Plectranthus verticillatus, commonly known as Swedish begonia, Swedish ivy, or whorled plectranthus, belongs to the Plectranthus genus within the Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family. Interestingly, despite its common name, it is not related to the ivy plants of the Hedera genus. It is more closely related to mint and grows by trailing, but unlike true ivy, it does not climb walls.
Swedish ivy (Plectranthus verticillatus), is a plant that often gets mixed up with other species like Plectranthus australis, which also goes by the name Swedish ivy. Adding to the confusion, some gardeners call these plants creeping Charlie, though this should not be mistaken for Glechoma hederacea, also known as ground ivy.
Interestingly, despite its name, Swedish ivy is not native to Sweden. It actually hails from southern Africa, ranging from Mozambique to South Africa. The seemingly misleading common name might come from the plant’s popularity as a houseplant in Sweden.
Where Swedish Ivy Thrives?
Hameltion, Prizewinning Swedish ivy (2023 NC State Fair) 01, CC BY-SA 4.0
Swedish ivy (Plectranthus verticillatus) flourishes as an evergreen perennial in South Africa, thriving in warm climates with high humidity. In its natural environment, it serves as a ground cover, adorned with flowers during the winter months.
As a houseplant, it typically blooms in late spring or early summer, producing lovely purple or white flowers and scalloped-edged foliage.
Adapted to zones 10 and 11, Swedish ivy can grow outdoors year-round and has become naturalized in regions like Puerto Rico, Central and South America, Australia, and Hawaii. It can be a delightful houseplant in almost all zones, provided it gets bright, indirect sunlight throughout the day.
During the active growing season in spring and summer, these plants thrive best in temperatures between 70 and 75°F. During the rest of the year, indoor temperatures between 60 and 65°F are adequate. If the temperature falls below 50°F, it can harm this warmth-loving plant.
If you cultivate these plants indoors, they need extra humidity, particularly in cooler winter months.
Description of Swedish Ivy
This plant features aromatic, glossy green, round leaves that sometimes show a deep purple center. They tend to trail, reaching a height of 10 to 30 cm and extending around 60 cm. The deep purple color can also be found on the stems and the undersides of the leaves.
The leaves are thick and rounded, measuring between 64 and 90 mm in size, with pronounced serrations along the edges. Their undersides are purple and covered in fine hairs, featuring reddish, sessile glands.
The upright racemes produce white, pale violet, or pale pink flowers sporadically throughout the year, especially in spring and late autumn. These flowers form verticillasters of 2-4 blossoms and have 2–3 mm bracts. The plant also produces 1 mm brown, wrinkled nuts.
Growing Swedish Ivy Plants
Sunlight
The plant thrives with 4-6 hours of bright, indirect sunlight throughout the day. Like many indoor tropical understory plants, Swedish ivy doesn’t fare well in direct sunlight, which can cause its leaves to become dull and droopy.
While it can handle light shade, variegated varieties may lose their distinctive white markings if they don’t receive enough light.
Soil
Swedish ivy plants do well in moist soil that has well-draining capabilities. A standard houseplant potting mix works well, but adding vermiculite or perlite to a mix with peat moss can further enhance drainage.
Since these plants don’t fare well in overly wet or soggy soil, it’s beneficial to amend your peat-based soil annually with additional organic matter to maintain good drainage as the soil degrades over time.
These plants also prefer slightly acidic soil, with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5, which makes peat moss a good addition to your potting mix. While Swedish ivy plants have a preference for this type of soil, they can still survive in various soil types as long as the soil is well-draining.
Water and Humidity
Swedish ivy thrives in tropical regions with regular water and high humidity. To maintain your Swedish ivy plant content, replicate these conditions. water your plants once in 7-10 days. Make sure the soil somewhat dries out between the schedules. Avoid overwatering, as it can lead to soggy soil and potential issues.
To avoid root rot, it is preferable to underwater this plant rather than overwater it. Ensure your pot has proper drainage holes. Maintain humidity levels at 60% or higher, possibly using a humidifier. Water at the plant’s base and avoid splashing the leaves, lifting the vines if necessary to reach the base.
How to Propagate Swedish Ivy?
Juan Carlos Fonseca Mata, Plectranthus verticillatus (Family Lamiaceae) – leaves, CC BY-SA 4.0
These plants can be propagated through seeds, divisions, and cuttings. However, cuttings are the most commonly used and successful method.
Optimal Timing for Propagating Swedish Ivy
To successfully propagate Swedish Ivy, selecting the right time is crucial. The ideal period for propagation is during the spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. This timing enhances the chances of the cuttings rooting and establishing themselves in the new medium.
Essential Tools and Materials for Propagation
Before you start the propagation process, it’s important to gather all the required tools and materials. These include pruning shears or sharp scissors for taking cuttings, a clean container to hold the taken cuttings, a propagation medium such as vermiculite or perlite, and a spray bottle for misting.
Preparing these items in advance will ensure a smoother and more efficient propagation process.
Preparing the Propagation Medium
With all the necessary tools and materials on hand, it’s time to prepare the propagation medium for your Swedish Ivy cuttings. Fill a clean container with a well-draining medium like vermiculite or perlite, ensuring it is moist but not waterlogged to prevent rot. Use a pencil or similar object to make holes in the medium for inserting the cuttings.
Following these steps will help your Swedish Ivy cuttings root successfully, leading to lush and healthy plants for your garden.
Cuttings Propagation
Propagating plants from cuttings is an easy and rewarding way to expand your garden. Follow these simple steps to ensure success:
1.) Choose Healthy Cuttings
Start by selecting healthy, vigorous stems for propagation. Opt for stems that are not flowering, as this allows the plant’s energy to focus on root development instead of supporting blooms.
2.) Prepare the Cuttings
Using clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears, cut a 4-6 inch section of stem just below a leaf node (the point where leaves attach to the stem). Remove the leaves from the lower half of the cutting to prevent rot when planted.
3.) Use Rooting Hormone (Optional)
To encourage faster root growth, dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone powder or liquid. While optional, this step can significantly boost the chances of success.
4.) Plant the Cuttings
Using your finger, pencil, or gardening tool, pock a small hole in the soil surface. Insert the cutting so that at least two nodes (where you removed the leaves) are buried. These nodes are where roots will develop. Make sure the cutting is planted upright, by firming soil around it.
5.) Create a Humid Environment
To help the cuttings retain moisture, cover the pot with a clear plastic bag or place it in a propagation chamber. Ensure the plastic does not touch the leaves by using sticks or a wireframe for support. Place the setup in bright, indirect light.
In any case, avoid exposing the cutting to direct sunlight for extended periods, as it can overheat and harm the cuttings. Keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy by checking daily and watering gently as needed.
Monitor for Root Growth
Within a few weeks, the cuttings normally take root. After 3-4 weeks, gently tug on the cutting; resistance is a good sign that roots have developed. Look for signs of new growth, which indicate the cutting has successfully rooted.
Transplanting and Hardening Off
Once the cuttings show strong roots and new growth, it’s time to transition them to less humid conditions. Gradually open the plastic cover a little more each day for about a week. Once the plants adapt, remove the cover entirely. When the plants are strong and have a well-developed root system, transplant them into larger pots or outdoors if the weather is suitable.
Propagating plants from cuttings is a cost-effective way to expand your collection and share plants with friends. With patience and care, you’ll soon have thriving new plants to enjoy!
Division
Propagating Swedish Ivy through division is an excellent method for mature plants with multiple stems. This technique allows you to create new plants while giving the parent plant a fresh start. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
1.) Prepare the Plant for Division
As the first step, remove the matured plant carefully from its base. Handle it gently to avoid damaging the roots and stems.
2.) Separate the Stems
Inspect the root system and look for natural separations or groupings of stems. Carefully separate the stems, making sure each portion has an intact and healthy root system.
In fact, you can simply divide the plants with your bare hands. However, it is best to use a sterilized garden knife for this. Make precise cuts to minimize stress on the plant and prevent damage to the roots.
3.) Replant Each Section
Plant each divided section into its own pot filled with a well-draining potting mix or prepared propagation medium. You can also firm the surrounding soil gently around the roots, to provide stability to the plant.
4.) Care for the New Plants
Position the newly divided plants set up in a warm, bright spot with indirect light. Maintain soil moisture as the plants establish themselves, but do not overwater.
Propagation through division is a simple and effective way to multiply your Swedish Ivy, ensuring a thriving collection for your home or garden!
Seed Propagation
Although less common, propagating Swedish Ivy from seeds is a rewarding way to grow new plants. Follow these steps for successful seed propagation:
1.) Collect Seeds
Harvest seeds from mature Swedish Ivy plants. The collected seeds should be fully ripe and dry before planting.
2.) Prepare for Planting
Fill the seed trays or small pots with a high-quality seed-starting mix. This type of soil provides the ideal environment for germination. Evenly distribute the seeds across the surface and gently cover them with a thin layer of the same soil.
3.) Maintain Moisture
You can use water spray to evenly water, without disturbing the seeds and maintain moisture levels. In any case, avoid over-watering to prevent waterlogging.
4.) Provide Warmth and Light
Place the seed pot set up in a warm, bright spot with indirect sunlight. Keep the temperature consistent to promote germination.
5.) Be Patient
Germination may take several weeks, so don’t rush the process. Check the soil regularly to ensure it remains moist, and watch for tiny sprouts to appear.
6.) Transplant Seedlings
Once the seedlings are large enough to handle and have developed a few sets of leaves, transplant them into individual pots or directly into your garden.
Growing Swedish Ivy from seeds can be a slower method, but it’s a fulfilling way to expand your plant collection from scratch!
Caring for Swedish Ivy Plants
SergioTorresC, Plectranthus verticillatus 1, CC BY-SA 3.0
With its long, trailing vines adorned with lush, semi-succulent leaves, Swedish Ivy is a stunning and low-maintenance houseplant. Given the right conditions, this underrated plant can quickly fill a room with its vibrant greenery.
Fertilizing Your Swedish Ivy: A Helpful Guide
Swedish ivy is a resilient plant that can thrive with minimal care. While annual additions of compost or organic matter can significantly boost its growth, it doesn’t necessarily require frequent fertilization.
To encourage blooming, consider using a low-nitrogen fertilizer during the active growth periods of spring and summer. Using a higher nitrogen fertilizer will result in more lush foliage but fewer blooms.
Swedish ivy features delicate purple or white tubular-shaped flowers, which are a delightful bonus to its stunning, sprawling vines, although not the primary reason for growing it.
However, it’s crucial to avoid fertilizing during the plant’s dormant phases in fall and winter.
Pruning Your Swedish Ivy
Pruning can be done at any time, especially to remove dead, dying, or damaged scalloped leaves and other parts of the plant. The optimal time for a heavy prune is right after your Swedish ivy has bloomed. Once the flowers fade, pinch back the stem tips to encourage new growth.
Trim any leggy growth back to a leaf node to promote bushier growth. Pruning isn’t mandatory—you can let your ivy grow wild if you prefer. However, pruning helps maintain the plant’s health and enhances its full appearance. Plus, pruning gives you stem cuttings that you can propagate into new plants.
Repotting Your Swedish Ivy
Swedish ivy can become root-bound if not repotted properly. As your plant grows, you might need to move it to a larger container or hanging basket. Wait until the roots have filled the current pot before making the move.
Repot in the spring if the plant has outgrown its container. Gradually increase the pot size by 1-2 inches larger than the current one. This helps prevent issues related to overwatering, as there’s no excess soil that retains moisture.
Swedish Ivy: A Beauty with a Cautionary Tale
A Potential Hazard for Pets
While Swedish Ivy is a popular houseplant, it’s important to be aware of its potential toxicity to pets. According to the ASPCA, Swedish Ivy contains substances that can be harmful if ingested by animals.
Symptoms of Ingestion
Gastrointestinal issues: Vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite.
In severe cases: Difficulty breathing, seizures.
Safety Precautions for Pet Owners:
Keep Out of Reach: Place your Swedish Ivy in a location inaccessible to your pets.
Monitor Your Pet: Watch for signs of illness after potential ingestion.
Consult a Veterinarian: If you suspect your pet has ingested Swedish Ivy, contact your vet immediately.
Human Safety
While Swedish Ivy is not toxic to humans, it’s still advisable to keep it out of reach of children. Ingesting large quantities of the plant can lead to mild stomach upset. However, most negative human-plant interactions are due to allergic reactions rather than toxicity.
Educate Your Children
Teach children about plant safety.
Encourage them to admire plants from a distance.
By taking these precautions, you can enjoy the beauty of Swedish Ivy while ensuring the safety of your family and pets.
Common Pests, Diseases, and Problems in Swedish Ivy
A Resilient Plant, But Not Invincible
While Swedish Ivy is a hardy houseplant, it’s not entirely immune to pests, diseases, and common growing issues. Here’s a breakdown of what to watch out for:
Common Pests
incidencematrix, Mealybugs (16055805936), CC BY 2.0
Mealybugs: These cottony pests deplete the plant’s sap, leaving it weakened. To control them, use a cotton swab dipped in alcohol for manual removal or apply insecticidal soap.
Spider Mites: These tiny arachnids thrive in dry conditions, causing leaves to appear speckled or bronzed. Increase humidity around the plant and use insecticidal soap or neem oil for severe infestations.
Aphids: These sap-sucking insects can cause stunted growth and distorted leaves. Spray the plant with a strong water jet or treat it with insecticidal soap.
Potential Diseases
Root Rot: Overwatering is the primary culprit. Symptoms include decolorization or yellowing of leaves and a mushy stem base. Allow the soil to dry slightly between waterings and ensure good drainage.
Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease appears as a mild white, powdery coating on the foliage of the plants. It usually happens when the leaves stay wet and the air around the plant doesn’t move well. To prevent this, improve air circulation, keep the leaves dry, and use fungicides if needed.
Common Growing Problems
Leggy Growth: Inadequate light may lead to the plant stretching and becoming leggy. Ensure it gets brighter light while avoiding direct sunlight. Consistent pruning can help promote a fuller, more compact growth.
Leaf Drop: Underwatering, sudden temperature changes, or drafts, can cause leaf loss. To prevent this, maintain a stable environment and ensure consistent watering.
Yellowing Leaves: poor drainage, overwatering, or nutrient deficiencies can lead to yellow leaves. Adjust watering habits, ensure good drainage, and consider fertilizing occasionally.
By understanding these common issues, you can take proactive steps to keep your Swedish Ivy healthy and thriving.
Quick Reference Guide
| Botanical Name | Plectranthus verticillatus |
| Common Name | Swedish Ivy |
| Family | Lamiaceae |
| USDA Hardiness Zones | 10-11 (outdoors) |
| Plant Type | Evergreen flowering perennial |
| Sun Light Exposure | Indirect sunlight |
| Soil Type and pH | Slightly Acidic Soil (pH 5.5 – 6.5) |
| Mature Height and Spread | Height (10 – 30 cm); Spread (around 60 cm) |
| Bloom Time | Fall |
| Flower Colours | White, pale Mauve, or pale Pink. |
| Origin | Southern African region |
Frequently Asked Questions
No, swedish ivy and creeping charlie are not the same plants.
Swedish Ivy (Plectranthus verticillatus) is a popular houseplant appreciated for its vibrant green leaves and cascading vines. It is low-maintenance and adaptable, thriving even in low-light environments.
Creeping Charlie (Glechoma hederacea) is a groundcover plant often considered a weed due to its aggressive growth habit. It has small, rounded leaves and can quickly spread if left unchecked.
While Swedish Ivy is generally safe for humans, it’s best to keep it out of reach of children. Ingesting large amounts can cause mild stomach upset. However, the primary risk for humans is allergic reactions, rather than direct toxicity.
Despite its name, Swedish Ivy does not naturally grow in Sweden, nor does it have the ability to climb up trees or buildings. The name can be misleading, but Swedish Ivy is actually a trailing plant.
It grows at a moderate pace and, with optimal care, can live for around 5 years.
Swedish Ivy enhances indoor air quality by eliminating harmful pollutants such as formaldehyde, commonly found in furniture. Having Swedish Ivy in your living space can lead to reduced respiratory irritation over time.
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